Turning machining centers (milling-turning centers) are a major type of multi-functional machining center. In addition to the functions of a CNC lathe, they can perform plane milling, drilling, tapping, straight grooving, spiral grooving, and gear milling, among other operations. They possess combined turning, milling, and boring functions, enabling a single setup for complete machining. Milling-turning centers typically have two core characteristics: the spindle motor uses a servo motor, allowing for synchronized rotation and feed motions; and besides the turret tool post of a CNC lathe, they are equipped with at least a powered tool post, or a separate powered tool post.
Based on functional configuration and cost, milling-turning centers can be divided into economical and full-function types. Economical milling-turning centers are mostly XZC-axis, with a rotating C-axis added to the chuck to achieve basic milling functions; their price is relatively low. Full-function mill-turn machining centers, on the other hand, are equipped with independent powered tool turrets or more complex multi-axis systems, enabling high-precision machining of complex curved surfaces, such as five-axis linkage. They offer more comprehensive functions but are also more expensive. For example, in the high-end field, the Swiss company Welch-Markdale's 508MT2 multi-process 6-9 axis high-precision mill-turn machining center uses direct drive technology and has a 3-station tool turret, enabling the machining of complex hexahedral parts in a single setup.
